Thanks to Simone Bruner of Inhealth Transcription for these definitions. (inhealth@ix.netcom.com) List is at http://www.mtdaily.com/mt1/checker.html. SOUND-ALIKES: abduction: movement of a body part away from median plane (of the body, in the case of limbs; of the hand or foot, in the case of digits). Monocular rotation of the eye toward the temple. A position resulting from such movement. adduction: movement of a body part toward from median plane (of the body, in the case of limbs; of the hand or foot, in the case of digits). Monocular rotation of the eye toward the nose. A position resulting from such movement. aberrant: wandering off; said of certain ducts, vessels, or nerves deviating from normal course or pattern. Differing from the norm. apparent: open to view; appearing as actual to the eye or mind. absorption: taking in, incorporation or reception of gases, liquids, light, or heat. In radiology, uptake of energy from radiation by the tissue or medium through which it passes. adsorption: property of a solid substance to attract and hold to its surface a gas, liquid, or a substance in solution or in suspension. achymosis: lacking in gastric juice or other digestive secretions. Having no chyle. ecchymosis: a purplish patch caused by extravasation of blood into the skin, differing from petechiae (minute hemorrhagic spots, of pinpoint to pinhead size, in the skin which are not blanched by diascopy) only in size (larger than 3 mm diameter). echinosis: a condition in which the red blood cells have lost their smooth outlines, resembling an echinus or sea urchin. adherence: act or quality of sticking to something; extent to which the patient continues the agreed-upon mode of treatment under limited supervision. adherent: One that adheres; as a follower of a leader, party or profession. affect: emotional feeling, tone and mood attached to a thought, including its external manifestations. (We were deeply affected by our sound-alike list). effect: the result or consequence of an action. (The effect of the sound- alike list was deeply appreciated). afferent: inflowing; conducting toward a center, denoting certain arteries, veins, lymphatics and nerves. efferent: conducting (fluid or a nerve impulse) outward from a given organ or part thereof; example: efferent connections of a group of nerve cells, efferent blood vessels or the excretory duct of an organ. alveolar: relating to alveolus. alveolate: pitted like a honeycomb. alveoli: plural of alveolus. alveolus: A small cell, cavity or socket. One of the honeycomb pits in the wall of the stomach. amenorrhea: absence or abnormal cessation of the menses. menorrhea: the normal discharge of the menses; profuse menstruation. menorrhagia: abnormally profuse menstrual flow. anicteric: not jaundiced, not yellow. icteric: relating to or marked by jaundice. antiseptic: relating to antisepsis; an agent or substance capable of effecting antisepsis. antisepsis: prevention of infection; disinfection. aphagia: inability to eat. aphakia: absence of the lens of the eye. aphasia: impaired or absent comprehension or production of, or communication by, speech, writing, or signs, due to acquired lesion of the dominant cerebral hemisphere. abasia: the inability to walk. apophysis: an outgrowth or projection, especially one from a bone. A bony process or outgrowth that lacks an independent center of ossification. epiphysis: a part of a long bone developed from a center of ossification distinct from that of the shaft and separated by a layer of cartilage. apposition: the placing in contact of two substances; condition of being placed or fitted together; the relationship of fracture fragments to one another. The process of thickening of the cell wall. opposition: something that opposes; a body of persons opposing something. areolar: Relating to an areola. (adjective) areola: any small area; a nipple; pigmented, depigmented or erythematous zone surrounding a papule, pustule or neoplasm. arteriostenosis: narrowing of the caliber of an artery, either temporary, through vasoconstriction or permanent, through arteriosclerosis. arteriosclerosis: hardening of the arteries; types generally recognized are: atherosclerosis, Monckebergžs a., and arteriolosclerosis. atherosclerosis: arteriosclerosis characterized by irregularly distributed lipid deposits in the intima of large and medium sized arteries; such deposits provoke fibrosis and calcification. atherosclerotic: (adj., atherosclerosis) escharotic: caustic or corrosive. asepsis: a condition in which living pathogenic organisms are absent; a state of sterility. aseptic: marked by or relating to asepsis. aura: subjective symptoms occurring at the onset of a partial epileptic seizure; characteristic for the brain region involved in the seizure: visual aura, occipital lobe auditory aura, temporal lobe. Also subjective symptoms at the onset of a migraine headache. aural: relating to the ear (auris). Relating to an aura. oral: relating to the mouth. auscultation: listening to the sounds made by the various body structures as a diagnostic method. oscillation: a to and fro movement. averted: to turn away or aside. everted: turned outward. inverted: reversed in position or order; turned inside out or upside down. bare: lacking a natural, usual or appropriate covering. Open to view, exposed. bear: to support a weight or strain. basal: situated nearer the base of a pyramid-shaped organ in relation to a specific reference point; opposite of apical. Denoting a standard or reference state of a function, as a basis for comparison. basil: any of several plants of the mint family. (basilar is a medical term relating to the lungs or the base of an object - basil is not) bases: The bottom of something, considered as its support. That part of a bodily organ by which it is attached to another more central structure of the organism. basis: The bottom of something considered as its foundation; the principal component of something; something on which something else is established or based. bile: yellowish brown or green fluid secreted by the liver and discharged into the duodenum where it aids in the emulsification of fats, increases peristalsis, and slows putrefaction. bowel: One of the divisions of the intestine. bolus: a single, relatively large quantity of a substance, usually one intended for therapeutic use, such as a dose of a drug. A masticated morsel of food or another substance ready to be swallowed, such as a barium for x-ray studies. In high energy radiation therapy, a quantity of tissue-equivalent material placed next to the irradiated region to increase the dose of secondary radiation to the superficial tissues. bulla: (pl: bullae) large blister appearing as a circumscribed area of separation of the epidermis from the subepidermal structure caused by the presence of serum or an injected substance; a bubble-like structure. breadth: Distance from side to side; something of full width. (i.e., finger-breadths) breath: respired air. bronchi: plural of bronchus. Pertaining to the two subdivisions of the trachea serving to convey air to and from the lungs. rhonchi: An added sound with a musical pitch occurring during inspiration or expiration, heard on auscultation of the chest, and caused by air passing through bronchi that are narrowed by inflammation, spasm of smooth muscle, or presence of mucus in the lumen. bruit: a harsh or musical intermittent auscultatory sound, especially an abnormal one. brute: characteristic of an animal in quality, action or instinct. calculous: Caused or characterized by a calculus or calculi. calculus: a concretion formed in any part of the body, most commonly in the passages of the biliary and urinary tracts; usually composed of salts of inorganic or organic acids, or of other material such as cholesterol. caliculus: a bud shaped or cup shaped structure, resembling the closed calyx of a flower. (Like taste bud or optic cup.) callous: relating to a callus or callosity. callus: a composite mass of tissue that forms at a fracture site to establish continuity between the bone ends. cancellous: denoting bone that has a lattice like structure, as in spongy bone. cancellus: a lattice like structure, as in spongy bone. carpus: wrist bone. corpus: any body or mass; the main part of an organ or other anatomical structure, as distinguished from the head or tail. carbuncle: deep seated pyogenic (pus forming) infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, usually arising in several contiguous hair follicles, with formation of connecting sinuses; often preceded or accompanied by fever, malaise and prostration. caruncle: a small reddish body at the medial angle of the eye, containing modified sebaceous and sweat glands. canker: in man, an outmoded term for aphthae. Aphthae: in the singular, a small ulcer on a mucous membrane. chancre: primary lesion of syphilis, begins at the site of infection after an interval of 10 to 30 days as a papule or area of infiltration, of dull red color, hard and insensitive; the center usually becomes eroded or breaks down into an ulcer that heals slowly after 4 to 6 weeks. cecal: relating to the cecum (cul de sac, about 6 cm in depth, lying below the terminal ileum forming the first part of the large intestine; any similar structure ending in a cul de sac), ending blindly or in a cul de sac. fecal: relating to feces. fetal: relating to a fetus; in utero development after the eighth week. thecal: Relating to a sheath, especially a tendon, i.e., thecal sac. chord: A straight line joining two points on a curve; an individual emotion or disposition; three or more musical tones sounded simultaneously. cord: An anatomical structure (as a nerve or the umbilical cord) resembling a cord; a long slender flexible material usually consisting of several strands woven or twisted together. cillosis: obsolete term for spasmodic twitching of an eyelid. psilosis: Falling out of the hair. cirrhosis: progressive disease of the liver characterized by diffuse damage to hepatic parenchymal cells, with nodular regeneration, fibrosis and disturbance of normal architecture; associated with failure in the function of hepatic cells and interference with blood flow in the liver, frequently resulting in jaundice, portal hypertension, ascites and ultimately hepatic failure. xerosis: Pathologic dryness of the skin (xeroderma), the conjunctiva (xerophthalmia) or the mucous membranes. sclerosis: In neuropathy, induration of nervous and other structures by a hyperplasia of the interstitial fibrous or glial connective tissue. serosa: The outermost coat or serous layer of a visceral structure that lies in the body cavities of abdomen or thorax; it consists of a surface layer of mesothelium reinforced by irregular fibroelastic connective tissue. coarse: Rough in texture; harsh, raucous or rough in tone. course: The path over which something moves or extends; accustomed procedure or normal action. confusion: a mental state in which reactions to environmental stimuli are inappropriate because the person is bewildered, perplexed or unable to orientate himself. contusion: any mechanical injury (usually caused by a blow) resulting in hemorrhage beneath unbroken skin. convulsion: a violent spasm or series of jerkings of the face, trunk or extremities. cor: heart (i.e, cor S1, S2; cor pulmonale). core: central mass of necrotic tissue in a boil; central point. corps: A group of persons associated together or acting under common direction. corpse: dead body, cadaver. corpus: any body or mass; the main part of an organ or other anatomical structure, as distinguished from the head or tail. crepitant: related to crepitation (crackling - the quality of a fine bubbling sound (rale); sensation felt at broken ends of bone moved together in which gas gangrene may be present). crepitus: a noisy discharge of gas from the intestine. cytology: study of anatomy, physiology, pathology and chemistry of the cell. psychology: The profession, scholarly discipline and science concerned with the behavior of humans and animals and related mental and physiological processes. sitology: knowledge of food, diet and nutrition. denervation: loss of nerve supply. enervation: failure of nerve force; weakening. innervation: the supply of nerve fibers functionally connected with a part. deflexion: term used to describe the fetal head in relation to the maternal pelvis in which the head is descending in a nonflexed or extended attitude. deflection: a moving to one side; in an EEG a deviation of the curve. diaphysis: inflammation of the shaft of a long bone. diastasis: any simple separation of normally joined parts; mid portion of diastole when the blood enters the ventricle slowly or ceases to enter prior to atrial systole. diathesis: constitutional or inborn state disposing to a disease, group of diseases or metabolic or structural anomaly. dilation: physiologic or artificial enlargement of a hollow structure or opening; the act of stretching or enlarging an opening or the lumen of a hollow structure. dilatation: the act of dilation; to manually or mechanically dilate. discreet: having or showing good judgement in conduct especially speech. discrete: separate; distinct; not joined to or incorporated with another; denoting especially certain lesions of the skin. dysbasia: difficulty in walking; the difficult or distorted walking that occurs in persons with certain mental disorders. dyscrasia: a morbid general state resulting from the presence of abnormal material in the blood, usually applied to diseases affecting blood cells or platelets; old term indicating disease. dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing. dysphasia: impairment in the production of speech and failure to arrange words in an understandable way; caused by an acquired lesion of the brain. dyspragia: painful performance of any organ. dyspragia: painful performance of any organ. dyspraxia: impaired or painful functioning in any organ. dystaxia: difficulty in controlling voluntary movements. ejection: the act of driving or throwing out by physical force; in a heart murmur a diamond -shaped systolic murmur produced by the ejection of blood into the aorta or pulmonary artery. injection: introduction of a medicinal substance or nutrient material into the subcutaneous tissue, muscular tissue, a vein, an artery, the rectum, the vagina, urethra or other canals or cavities of the body; an injectable pharmaceutical preparation. ecdemic: denoting a disease brought into a region from without. endemic: said of a disease prevailing continually in a region; present in a community or among a group of people. epidemic: occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness, specific health related behavior or other health related events clearly in excess of normal expectancy. pandemic: Denoting a disease affecting or attacking the population of an extensive region, country, continent; extensively epidemic. elicit: To draw forth or bring out. illicit: not permitted; unlawful. embolism: obstruction or occlusion of a vessel by an embolus. embolus: a plug, composed of a detached thrombus or vegetation, mass of bacteria or other foreign body, occluding a vessel. enteric: relating to the intestine. icteric: relating to or marked by jaundice. erasion: obsolete term for the scraping away of tissue, especially of bone. erosion: wearing away or a state of being worn away, as by friction or pressure; a shallow ulcer; in the stomach and intestine, an ulcer limited to the mucosa, with no penetration of the muscularis mucosa. erythema: redness of the skin due to capillary dilatation. erythremia: polycythemia vera. eurhythmia: harmonious body relationships of the separate organs. eschar a thick, coagulated crust or slough which develops following a thermal burn or chemical or physical cauterization of the skin. scar: The fibrous tissue replacing normal tissues destroyed by injury or disease. (S-scar is an incorrect term). fascial: relating to any fascia. faucial: relating to the fauces (the space between the cavity of the mouth and the pharynx, bounded by the soft palate and the base of the tongue. feces: the matter discharged from the bowel during defecation, consisting of the undigested residue of the food, epithelium, the intestinal mucus, bacteria and waste material from the food. facies: an appearance and expression of the face characteristic of a particular condition, esp. when abnormal. flexor: a muscle the action of which is to flex a joint. flexure: a bend, as in an organ or structure. foci: plural of focus. fossa: (pl. fossae) a depression usually more or less longitudinal in shape below the level of the surface of a part. fundi: plural of fundus. The bottom or lowest part of a sac or hollow organ; that part farthest removed from the opening or exit; occasionally a broad cul de sac. fungi: plural of fungus. A general term used to encompass the diversive morphological forms of yeasts and molds. fundus: see fundi fungus: see fungi gastroscopy: inspection of the inner surface of the stomach through an endoscope. gastrostomy: establishment of a new opening into the stomach. gastrotomy: incision into the stomach. gavage: forced feeding by stomach tube; therapeutic use of a high potency diet administered by stomach tube. lavage: washing out of a hollow cavity or organ by copious injections and rejections of fluid. glands: organized aggregation of cells functioning as a secretory or excretory organ. glans: a conical acorn shaped structure. ileum: third portion of the small intestine, 12 feet in length, extends from jejunum to the ileocecal opening. Distinct from the jejunum in being typically smaller in diameter with thinner walls. ilium: broad, flaring portion of the hip bone. infection: multiplication of parasitic organisms within the body; multiplication of usual bacterial flora of the intestinal tract is not usually viewed. inflection: inward bending; obsolete term for diffraction (same as in flexion). infraction: a fracture; especially one without displacement. infarction: sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply. ingestion: introduction of food and drink into the stomach; incorporation of particles into the cytoplasm of a phagocytic cell by invagination of a portion of the cell membrane as a vacuole. injection: introduction of a medicinal substance or nutrient material into the subcutaneous tissue, muscular tissue, a vein, an artery, the rectum, the vagina, urethra or other canals or cavities of the body; an injectable pharmaceutical preparation. insulin: a polypeptide hormone that promotes glucose utilization, protein synthesis and the formation and storage of neutral lipids. inulin: a hygroscopic powder used by intravenous injection to determine the rate of glomerular filtration; also used in bread for diabetics. keratose: keratotic, relating to or marked by keratosis. keratosis: an area of skin marked by overgrowth of horny tissue. ketosis: a carbohydrate containing the characteristic carbonyl group of ketones. laceration: a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut wound; the process or act of tearing the tissues. maceration: softening by the action of a liquid; softening of tissues after death; seen especially in stillborns. lipoma: a benign neoplasm of adipose tissue, comprised of mature fat cells. lipomyoma: myolipoma. liver: largest gland in the body, lying beneath the diaphragm in the right hypochondrium and upper part of the epigastrium; secretes bile. livor: livid discoloration of the skin on the dependent parts of a corpse. mastitis: inflammation of the breast. mastoiditis: inflammation of any part of the mastoid process (ear). metacarpal: relating to the metacarpus; any one of the metacarpal bones. metatarsal: Relating to the metatarsus or to one of the metatarsal bones. metaphysis: a conical section of bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis of long bones. metastasis: (pl: metastases) transfer of a disease-producing agency from the site of disease to another part of the body. metrorrhagia: any irregular, acyclic bleeding from the uterus between periods. menorrhagia: abnormally profuse menstrual flow. mucoid: General term for a mucin, mucoprotein or glycoprotein. mucor: a genus of fungi (class Zygomycetes, family Mucoraceae). mucosa: A mucous tissue lining various tubular structures. mucosal: Relating to the mucosa or mucous membrane. mucosin: a form of mucin, as that of the nasal and uterine cavities. mucous Relating to mucus or a mucous membrane. (adjective) mucus: The clear viscid secretion of the mucous membranes, consisting of mucin, epithelial cells, leukocytes and various inorganic salts suspended in water. (noun) myelogram: Radiographic contrast study of the spinal subarachnoid space and its contents. myogram: The tracing made by a myograph. narcosis: General and nonspecific reversible depression of neuronal excitability, produced by a number of physical and chemical agents, usually resulting in stupor rather than anesthesia. necrosis: Pathologic death of one or more cells, or of a portion of tissue or organ, resulting from irreversible damage. nephrosis: Degeneration of renal tubular epithelium. neurosis: A functional nervous disease or one for which there is no evident lesion. A psychological or behavioral disorder in which anxiety is the primary characteristic; defense mechanisms or any of the phobias are the adjustive techniques which an individual learns in order to cope with this underlying anxiety. A peculiar state of tension or irritability of the nervous system; any form of nervousness. obfuscation: A deliberate attempt to confuse or to prevent understanding. obstipation: Intestinal obstruction; severe constipation. oscillation: a to and fro movement. oscitation: yawning. osculation: the act of kissing. pallesthesia: The appreciation of vibration, a form of pressure sense; most acute when a vibrating tuning fork is applied over a bony prominence. paresthesia: abnormal sensation such as burning, tickling or tingling. palliation: affording relief, but not cure. palpation: Examination with hands, feeling for organs, masses or infiltration of a part of the body, feeling the heart or pulse beat, vibrations in the chest, etc. papillation: marked by nipplelike elevations. palpitation: beat rapidly and strong. pandemic: Denoting a disease affecting or attacking the population of an extensive region, country, continent; extensively epidemic. endemic: said of a disease prevailing continually in a region; present in a community or among a group of people. parietitis: inflammation of the wall of an organ. parotiditis: Inflammation of the parotid gland. parotitis: inflammation of the parotid glands. parous: Pertaining to parity. pars: A part; portion. porous: Having openings that pass directly or indirectly through the substance. particle: A very small piece or portion of anything. pectineal: Ridged; relating to the os pubis or to any comblike structure. pedicle: A constricted portion or stalk. A stalk by which a nonsessile tumor is attached to normal tissue. A stalk through which a flap receives nourishment until its transfer to another site results in the nourishment coming from that site. peduncle: In neuroanatomy, term loosely applied to a variety of stalklike connecting structures in the brain, composed either exclusively of white matter or of white and gray matter. pellicle: Literally and nonspecifically, a thin skin. A film or scum on the surface of a liquid. perineal: Relating to the perineum. (the area between the thighs extending from the coccyx to the pubis and lying below the pelvic diaphragm). peritoneal: Relating to the peritoneum (the serous sac that lines the abdominal cavity and viscera - the peritoneal is the greater sac as opposed to the omentum bursa. peroneal: Relating to the fibula, to the lateral side of the leg, or to th muscles there present. pleural: the delicate serous membrane that lines each half of the thorax of mammals and is folded back over the surface of the lung of the same side. plural: relating to or consisting of or containing more than one or more than one kind. prostate: A chestnut shaped body, surrounding the beginning of the urethra in the male. prostrate: completely overcome and lacking vitality, will or power to rise. pruritic: (adj.) of pruritus - an itching. pyritic: (adj.) any of various metallic-looking sulfides of which pyrite is the commonest. radical: designed to remove the root of a disease or all diseased tissue. radicle: A rootlet or structure resembling one, as a vein, a minute veinlet joining with others to form a vein, a nerve fiber which joins others to form a nerve. reflex: An involuntary reaction in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the nervous centers in the brain or spinal cord. Most of the deep reflexes listed as subentries are stretch or myotatic reflexes, elicited by striking a tendon or bone, causing stretching, even slight, of the muscle which then contracts as a result of the stimulus applied to its proprioceptors. reflux: A backward flow. scirrhous: Hard; relating to a scirrhus. scirrhus: Obsolete term for any fibrous indurated area, especially an indurated carcinoma. serous: Relating to, containing, or producing serum or a substance having a watery consistency. sedentary: not migratory; permanently attached. sedimentary: relating to, or containing sediment; formed by or from deposits of sediment. separation: the state of being separated; a point, line or means of division. suppuration: The formation of pus. suppression: Deliberately excluding from conscious thought. Arrest of the secretion of a fluid, such as urine or bile. Checking of an abnormal flow or discharge, as in suppression of a hemorrhage. sepsis: The presence of various pus forming and other pathogenic organisms, or their toxins, in the blood or tissues. septic: Relating to or caused by sepsis. somatic: relating to, or affecting the body esp. as distinguished from the germ plasm or the psyche. semantic: relating to meaning in language. stasis: Stagnation of the blood or other fluids. status: A state or condition. staxis: hemorrhage. stoma: A minute opening or pore. An artifical opening between two cavities or canals, or between such and the surface of the body. stroma: The framework, usually of connective tissue, of an organ, gland or other structure, as distinguished from the parenchyma or specific substance of the part. sycosis: A pustular folliculitis, particularly of the bearded area. psychosis: a mental or behavioral disorder. taenia: A coiled bandlike anatomical structure. Common name for a tapeworm. tenia: any anatomical bandlike structure. tinea: A fungus infection of the keratin component of hair, skin or nails. tenonitis: Inflammation of Tenonžs capsule or the connective tissue within Tenonžs space. tendonitis: inflammation of a tendon (more common). thenar: Applied to any structure in relation with the thenar eminence or its underlying collective components. thinner: more thin. tic: local and habitual spasmodic motion of particular muscles, esp. the face; persistent trait of character or behavior. tick: any of numerous bloodsucking arachnids; the fabric case of a mattress or pillow; an audible tap or beat; to mark off. trachelotomy: incision of the cervix uteri. tracheotomy: The operation of opening into the trachea, usually intended to be temporary. tympanites: Swelling of the abdomen from gas in the intestinal or peritoneal cavity. tympanitis: inflammation of the tympanic membrane. ureter: The thick-walled tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder; it consists of an abdominal part and a pelvic part, is lined with transitional epithelium surrounded by smooth muscle, both circular and longitudinal and is covered externally by a tunica adventitia. urethra: A canal leading from the bladder, discharging the urine externally. vagus: (a.k.a. vagus nerve) either of the tenth pair of cranial nerves that arise from the medulla and supply chiefly the viscera mostly with autonomic sensory and motor fibers (wandering nerve). valgus: Bent or twisted outward away from the midline or body; modern accepted usage, particularly in orthopedics. variceal: Of or pertaining to a varix. varicocele: condition manifested by abnormal dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord. varicella: An acute contagious disease, usually occurring in children, caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Like smallpox, although less severe and varying in stages, usually with mild constitutional symptoms; incubation period is about 14 to 17 days. varicose: Relating to, affected with, or characterized by varices or varicosis. verrucose: Resembling a wart; denoting wartlike elevations. (also verrucous). varus: Bent or twisted inward toward the midline of the limb or body; modern accepted usage, particularly in orthopedics. varix: a dilated vein. venous: Relating to a vein or to the veins. venus: Roman goddess of love and beauty; the planet second in order from the sun. vesical: Relating to any bladder, but usually the urinary bladder. vesicle: A small (less than 0.5 cm) circumscribed elevation of the skin containing fluid. A small sac containing liquid or gas. vessel: A structure conveying or containing a fluid, especially a liquid. villous: Relating to villi. Shaggy; covered with villi. villus: a projection from the surface, especially of a mucous membrane. If the projection is minute, as from a cell surface, it is termed microvillus. An elongated dermal papilla projecting into an intraepidermal vesicle or cleft. viral: Of, pertaining to, or caused by a virus. virile: Relating to the male sex. Manly, strong, masculine. Possessing masculine traits. viscera: Singular, meaning same as above. visceral: Relating to the viscera. viscus: An organ of the digestive, respiratory, urogenital, and endocrine systems as well as the spleen, the heart and great vessels; hollow and multilayered walled organs studied in splanchnology. viscous: sticky; marked by high viscosity (the resistance to flow or alteration of shape by any substance - usually applied to liquids as the resistance of a fluid to flow.